Shaping-cutter



No. 607,394. Patented luly I2, I898. .I. HATCH.

SHAPING CUTTER (Application filed Sept. 24, 1896.)

(No Model.)

J T. MW F e W? Ill 2X 3 names,

M A b iATENT FFICEQ JAMES HATCH, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

SHAPING-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 607,394, dated trul 12, 1898 Application filed September 24, 1896. Serial No. 606,873. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES HATCH, a citizen of the United States,residin g at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shaping- Cutters;

' and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it most nearly appertains to make, use, and practice the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in that class of woodworking-tools in which a rotary head is armed with one or more chiseledged cutting-blades against which the wood is forced in order to shave, plane, or groove its surface; and its object is to prevent the knives from taking too deep a out upon or into the surface of the Wood and thereby teary ing the fiber, leaving a rough surface and endangering the operator, particularly when cross-grained portions of the wood come within the circle of the knives.

It consists in the employment of a block having a rounded exterior surface applied between the central shaft and inner face of the cutting-blade, so that the exterior surface will gage the depth of the cut.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the tool, showing a side view of the upper cutters. Fig. 2 is atop plan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the tool, taken at right angles to Fig. 1, showing an end view of the upper cutters. Fig. 4: is a cross-section taken through the line a 4, Fig. 1.

Let A represent the spindle upon which the cutting-head or other rotary tool is mounted. In that class of woodworking-tools known as shapers, stickers, and planers two cutting bits or knives Z) Z) are secured on opposite sides of the spindle, between two headpieces 0 c, and are clamped in position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and the pieces of wood to be placed or shaped are passed along and pressed against the rotating head, so that the bits or knives cut successive shavings from its surface. In order to gage the depth to which the cutting edges of these bits or knives shall cut at each contact with the wood, I employ a block or blocks D, which will fill the space surrounding the spindle between the two knives, and I form its exterior surface, between the bits, to conform to the circle between the cutting edges, so that it will form a gage against which the face of the wood will bear when being presented to and pressed against the tool.

Next to the inner face of each blade I cut or hollow out a shallow notch or throat e in the gage block or blocks D, which will give a clearance to the shavings or dust made by the blade or bit. In setting the cutting-bit with reference to the gage block or blocks the cutting edge may be placed on a plane with the face of the block or blocks, and the recess formed by the throat 6 will give the necessary out or bite to the bit but it can easily be adjusted to any desired out. It is not necessary that the block or blocks D should extend the entire distance from head to head of the tool, for a narrow block or blocks will form an effective guide. In addition to forminga gage to regulate the depth of the cut made by the bit the block or blocks also serve to coinpress the wood in front of the cutting edge, thereby preventing the wood from splitting or splintering.

This same device may be applied to pro jecting cutters, such as are used for grooving and rabbeting,-and in order to economize in tools I apply both constructions to a single head, thereby providing a single tool instead of two separate tools, as heretofore used. To do this I elongate the head and construct the upper part with removable projecting cutters, while the lower part forms the ordinarysticker or shaper head. In the upper part of the tool are projecting arms f f, which form the guard block or blocks which correspond with the block or blocks D above described, and the outer ends of these arms are rounded to give clearance when rotating against the wood. The cutting-bits g g are held and clamped in place against the rear end of the block on each side by an upper guard-block 7t, the outer end of which may be formed into a cutting edge or not, as desired. A throat or recess 7;, similar to the throat or recess e in the block or blocks D of the lower part of the tool, is made next the inner face of the bits 9 g, and these parts are clamped in place by a nut or nuts on the upper. end of the spindle and can be removed or adjusted by removing or loosening the nut or nuts. Each of the two devices which I apply to this single head embody the same invention-to wit, the gage block or blocks for regulating the bits or depth of cutof the cutting-bits-and it makes a more economical tool to place both on one head, as the upper or projecting cutter and guard block or blocks can be readily removed when the lower cutter is being used and replaced when it is desired to use the grooving or rabbeting bits.

This tool is especially useful in fine carwork, as it enables the workman to plane, cut, and form various and intricate designs in wood without fear of splitting or roughing the work. The cutting-bits may be formed with any design of cutting edge for molding or other work, in which case the guiding-face of the guard block or blocks must be made with corresponding curves and lines.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is-

In a planing, cutting, or grooving tool, two heads secured on a central spindle; a cutting or planing bit secured between said heads on opposite sides of said spindle and parallel with each other, and a gage-block fitted on said spindle and adapted to fill the space between said bits, said block having a circular rim to conform to the circle of the tool and a notch or throat adjoining each cuttingblade or bit, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my name.

JAMES HATCH.

\Vitnesses:

HARRY J LASK, Guns. J. Annnnusrnn. 

